Por un nuevo enfoque de justicia transicional en México
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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La justicia transicional, entendida como procesos de justicia extraordinarios que un país pone en marcha al haber transitado de un régimen autoritario a uno democrático, ya no es aplicable en México. Con el fracaso deliberado de la Fiscalía Especial para Movimientos Sociales y Políticos del Pasado, creada por el primer presidente de la República electo democráticamente en el año 2000, se anuló también el potencial de las subsecuentes instancias de justicia transicional. Más aún, el haber dejado impunes las violaciones de derechos humanos cometidas en los años sesenta y setenta del siglo pasado, coadyuvó a la explosión de la violencia criminal que desgarra al país en el presente. México padece simultáneamente la victimización provocada por el régimen autoritario del siglo XX y la victimización a manos de agentes estatales y organizaciones criminales del presente. De ahí la necesidad de un nuevo enfoque de justicia transicional, que esclarezca las atrocidades del pasado, y además permita transitar en la actualidad de una situación de elevada victimización a una situación de seguridad y respeto pleno de los derechos humanos.
Transitional justice, understood as extraordinary justice processes that a country sets in motion by having moved from an authoritarian regime to a democratic one, is no longer applicable in Mexico. With the deliberate failure of the Special Prosecutor's Office for Social and Political Movements of the Past, created by the first democratically elected president of the Republic in 2000, the potential of subsequent transitional justice instances was also nullified. Moreover, having left unpunished the human rights violations committed in the sixties and seventies of the last century, contributed to the explosion of criminal violence that tears the country apart in the present. Mexico simultaneously suffers the victimization caused by the authoritarian regime of the 20th century and the victimization at the hands of state agents and criminal organizations of the present. Hence the need for a new approach to transitional justice, which sheds light on the atrocities of the past, and also allows us to move from a situation of high victimization to a situation of security and full respect for human rights.
Transitional justice, understood as extraordinary justice processes that a country sets in motion by having moved from an authoritarian regime to a democratic one, is no longer applicable in Mexico. With the deliberate failure of the Special Prosecutor's Office for Social and Political Movements of the Past, created by the first democratically elected president of the Republic in 2000, the potential of subsequent transitional justice instances was also nullified. Moreover, having left unpunished the human rights violations committed in the sixties and seventies of the last century, contributed to the explosion of criminal violence that tears the country apart in the present. Mexico simultaneously suffers the victimization caused by the authoritarian regime of the 20th century and the victimization at the hands of state agents and criminal organizations of the present. Hence the need for a new approach to transitional justice, which sheds light on the atrocities of the past, and also allows us to move from a situation of high victimization to a situation of security and full respect for human rights.