Análisis de la actividad de recolección de desechos orgánicos en la ciudad de lyon francia
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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La necesidad de satisfacer la normatividad vigente del código del trabajo francés, condujo a la compañía de servicios públicos de la ciudad de Lyon a desarrollar un trabajo de investigación en asocio con la universidad Lumière, que tuvo por objeto determinar el grado de exposición general a los riesgos biológicos de todos los puestos de trabajo de la dirección. La dirección encargada de la limpieza de la ciudad había, en una primera instancia, podido constatar la necesidad de efectuar una evaluación de las prácticas y sentimientos reales de los operadores encargados de la recolección y el tratamiento de desechos, antes de tomar las medidas correctivas necesarias.
Con base en un estudio global de la organización del taller y mediante observaciones abiertas de los puestos de trabajo, se pudo constatar que la exposición a los riesgos biológicos se presentaba principalmente cuando se realizaban trabajos no previstos sobre los vehículos que se encontraban sucios y en ciertas ocasiones con plena carga de desechos en su interior igualmente, se pudo establecer que las tareas de reparación de trabajos no previstos, se realizaban en un espacio de trabajo inadecuado técnicamente. Sobre esta base, se realizó el análisis de la actividad que permitió encontrar las soluciones ergonómicas necesarias para cada uno de los puestos de trabajo.
In order to satisfy the legal requirements of French laws, the Company of Publics Services of Lyon, led a research work in partnership with Lyon Lumière University in which the primary goal was the determination of the general level of exposure of every single workstation in the company to biological hazard. The research work began with a detailed analysis of all departments involved in waste collection and treatment processes, which allowed the research team to identify the Department of Trucks Repair and Maintenance as the most exposed to biological hazard. Using the organization chart of this department and based on open observation of workstations, it was possible to verify that mainly technicians performing non scheduled mechanical and electrical duties on unclean trucks and even in presence of waste inside the cargo compartment were the most exposed to biological hazard. At the same time it was established that repair duties on this conditions were performed in a non technical area. On this basis, an activity analysis was developed in order to allow a team formed by company workers and researchers to find ergonomic solutions for every single workstation in the department.
In order to satisfy the legal requirements of French laws, the Company of Publics Services of Lyon, led a research work in partnership with Lyon Lumière University in which the primary goal was the determination of the general level of exposure of every single workstation in the company to biological hazard. The research work began with a detailed analysis of all departments involved in waste collection and treatment processes, which allowed the research team to identify the Department of Trucks Repair and Maintenance as the most exposed to biological hazard. Using the organization chart of this department and based on open observation of workstations, it was possible to verify that mainly technicians performing non scheduled mechanical and electrical duties on unclean trucks and even in presence of waste inside the cargo compartment were the most exposed to biological hazard. At the same time it was established that repair duties on this conditions were performed in a non technical area. On this basis, an activity analysis was developed in order to allow a team formed by company workers and researchers to find ergonomic solutions for every single workstation in the department.
Keywords
Ergonomics, biological hazard, work place, activity of rubbish collector, management of repair shop, Ergonomía, Riesgos Biológicos, actividades de Recolección de Desechos Orgánicos, organización del taller, observaciones abiertas., puestos de trabajo