Publicación: Preventive detention in Colombia in the light of the American Convention on Human Rights: A call to the application of Conventionality Control
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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En un Estado de derecho moderno, la detención preventiva se postula como la garantía de un proceso penal con presencia del imputado. Sin embargo, tal circunstancia deviene en una restricción al derecho fundamental de la libertad, razón por la cual adquiere una relevancia significativa, más aún si se tiene en cuenta que el imputado a quien se le restringe su derecho a la libertad se presume inocente en tanto no se declare su culpabilidad mediante sentencia judicial en firme. En Colombia, los intervinientes en el proceso penal deben tener especial cuidado en solicitar y aplicar la medida de detención preventiva, bajo la égida de que la misma debe ser la excepcionalidad; así, las causales para imponer esta medida deben ser estudiadas cuidadosamente, a la luz de los tratados internacionales y del derecho interno, en especial aquella denominada “peligro para la comunidad”, toda vez que la misma vulnera no solo la presunción de inocencia del imputado sino el principio del acto o derecho penal de acto.
Within a modern rule of law, preventive detention is postulated as the guarantee of a criminal proceeding with the presence of the accused. However, this circumstance becomes a restriction on the fundamental right of freedom, which is why it acquires significant relevance, even more if one takes into account that the accused to whom his right to freedom is restricted is presumed innocent as long as do not declare his guilt through a final court sentence. In Colombia, those involved in the criminal process must take special care to request and apply the preventive detention measure, under the aegis that it must be exceptional; thus, the grounds for imposing this measure must be studied carefully, in the light of international treaties and domestic law, especially that called "danger to the community", since it violates not only the presumption of innocence of the accused but the principle of the act or criminal act law.
Within a modern rule of law, preventive detention is postulated as the guarantee of a criminal proceeding with the presence of the accused. However, this circumstance becomes a restriction on the fundamental right of freedom, which is why it acquires significant relevance, even more if one takes into account that the accused to whom his right to freedom is restricted is presumed innocent as long as do not declare his guilt through a final court sentence. In Colombia, those involved in the criminal process must take special care to request and apply the preventive detention measure, under the aegis that it must be exceptional; thus, the grounds for imposing this measure must be studied carefully, in the light of international treaties and domestic law, especially that called "danger to the community", since it violates not only the presumption of innocence of the accused but the principle of the act or criminal act law.