Publicación: ESTUDIO MACROSÍSMICO DEL TERREMOTO DEL 18 DE OCTUBRE DE 1743 EN LA REGIÓN CENTRAL DE COLOMBIA
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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El 18 de octubre de 1743 ocurrió en el territorio colombiano uno de los terremotos históricos más devastadores de la región central del país, dejando graves daños en Santa Fe que desde 1740 acababa de ser reinstaurada nuevamente como la capital del Virreinato de Nueva Granada. Fueron destruidas completamente la ermita de Monserrate y la de Guadalupe, otras iglesias sufrieron grandes averías. Los daños se extendieron hasta las poblaciones vecinas de Fómeque, Chía, Usaquén, Cáqueza, entre otras, donde también se destruyeron las iglesias y se notaron fenómenos de hundimientos, grandes grietas, fisuras y deslizamientos que taponaron caminos y algunos ríos y ocasionaron la muerte de varias personas y animales. Aplicando la Escala Macrosísmica Europea de 1998 (EMS-98), en el presente trabajo se hace la reevaluación de la intensidad en cada una de las poblaciones afectadas, y se presenta el mapa de puntos de intensidad. Para las poblaciones de Fómeque, Guachavita y Cáqueza se asignó una intensidad de VIII. Aplicando la metodología de Bakun and Wentworth (1997) y la relación de atenuación de la intensidad macrosísmica propuesta por Gómez Capera y Salcedo Hurtado (2002), de manera preliminar se calcula la magnitud macrosísmica igual a 6.30±0.35 y la localización del epicentro en (4.43N, 73.91W) entre los municipios de municipio de Cáqueza y Guachavita.
Palabras clave: Estudio de Terremoto histórico, intensidad macrosísmica, parámetros del terremoto.
On October 18, 1743 a great earthquake hit in Colombian central region. This seismic event caused severe damage in Santa Fe de Bogota that since 1740 had just been reinstated again as the capital of the “Nuevo Reino de Granada”. The churches of “Monserrate” and “Guadalupe” were destroyed and other suffered heavy damage. Damages were extended in surrounding areas as the towns of Fómeque, Chia, Usaquén Cáqueza, among others. In these towns, the churches were destroyed, and subsidence phenomena were noted, large cracks, fissures and landslides that clogged roads and some rivers and caused the death several people and animals. Applying the 1998 European Macroseismic Scale (EMS-98), in the present work reassessing the macroseismic intensity in each affected town. We present a new macroseismic map with 18 intensity data points. We have proposed as maximum intensity equal to VIII in Fómeque, Guachavita and Cáqueza. In Santa Fe de Bogota the instensity is VII. The Bakun and Wentworth (1997) method is applied, using the intensity data points obtained in the present study and macroseismic intensity attenuation relationship given by Gómez Capera and Salcedo Hurtado (2002), to estimate earthquake parameters to 1743 event. We have proposed a macroseismic magnitude that equals 6.30±0.35 and the epicenter location in (4.43N, 73.91W) between the townships of Cáqueza and Guachavita. Keywords: Historical Earthquake Study, macroseismic intensity, earthquake parameters
On October 18, 1743 a great earthquake hit in Colombian central region. This seismic event caused severe damage in Santa Fe de Bogota that since 1740 had just been reinstated again as the capital of the “Nuevo Reino de Granada”. The churches of “Monserrate” and “Guadalupe” were destroyed and other suffered heavy damage. Damages were extended in surrounding areas as the towns of Fómeque, Chia, Usaquén Cáqueza, among others. In these towns, the churches were destroyed, and subsidence phenomena were noted, large cracks, fissures and landslides that clogged roads and some rivers and caused the death several people and animals. Applying the 1998 European Macroseismic Scale (EMS-98), in the present work reassessing the macroseismic intensity in each affected town. We present a new macroseismic map with 18 intensity data points. We have proposed as maximum intensity equal to VIII in Fómeque, Guachavita and Cáqueza. In Santa Fe de Bogota the instensity is VII. The Bakun and Wentworth (1997) method is applied, using the intensity data points obtained in the present study and macroseismic intensity attenuation relationship given by Gómez Capera and Salcedo Hurtado (2002), to estimate earthquake parameters to 1743 event. We have proposed a macroseismic magnitude that equals 6.30±0.35 and the epicenter location in (4.43N, 73.91W) between the townships of Cáqueza and Guachavita. Keywords: Historical Earthquake Study, macroseismic intensity, earthquake parameters