Infecciones respiratorias agudas en preescolares del Poblado Rubén Jaramillo, Tecamachalco, Puebla, México: Agosto de 2006-Julio de 2007
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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OBJETIVO: identificar la prevalencia de infecciones respiratorias agudas en preescolares del poblado Rubén Jaramillo, Tecamachalco, Puebla, México.
ADICIONALMENTE: medir la prevalencia e incidencia de infecciones respiratorias agudas recurrentes; definir el perfil epidemiológico de los preescolares con infecciones respiratorias agudas; y estimar la fuerza de asociación de infecciones respiratorias agudas recurrentes con factores de riesgo conocidos.
MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Diseño: estudio transversal. Universo: 521 preescolares.
MUESTRA: no probabilística por conveniencia.
CRITERIOS DE SELECCIÓN: preescolares que acudieron a consulta médica al Centro de Salud Comunitaria de la localidad durante Agosto de 2006 y Julio de 2007.
VARIABLES: demográficas, socioeconómicas y sanitarias. Análisis: tasas de prevalencia e incidencia, razones, proporciones y razón de posibilidades (OR) con 95% de confianza (p≤0,05).
SOFTWARE: Epi Info® versión 3,3,2.
RESULTADOS: 521 preescolares. Prevalencia de infecciones respiratorias agudas 87,14 X 100 preescolares. Prevalencia de infecciones respiratorias agudas recurrentes 53,32 X 100 preescolares. Incidencia de infecciones respiratorias agudas recurrentes 61,23 X 100 preescolares con infecciones respiratorias aguas. Perfil epidemiológico: 45,4% femeninos y 54,6% masculinos; edades: 11,2% <1 año, 34,1% de 1 año, 31,3% de 2 años, 13,9% de 3 años, y 9,5% de 4 años; hacinamiento 74,4%; 93,4% viviendas de materiales calcáreos. No se encontró asociación significativa con ninguno de los factores estudiados (p>0,05).
CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de infecciones respiratorias agudas e infecciones respiratorias agudas recurrentes es elevada, las condiciones socioeconómicas y sanitarias de la población parecen no influir en este hecho. Se requiere de estudios más amplios, preferentemente multi-céntricos, con inclusión de otras variables como tipo de alimentación y enfermedades concomitantes y previas para mejores conclusiones.
Palabras clave: Infecciones respiratorias agudas. Recurrencia. Preescolares.
OBJECTIVE: to identify acute respiratory infections prevalence in preschool children from Rubén Jaramillo Town, Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico. ADDITIONALLY: to measure prevalence and incidence of recurrent acute respiratory infections; to define epidemiologic profile of the preschool children with acute respiratory infections; and to estimate association force between recurrent acute respiratory infections and known risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Design: cross-sectional study. UNIVERSE: 521 preschool child residents in Rubén Jaramillo Town. Sample: no randomized for convenience. SELECTION CRITERIONS: a preschool child that goes to medical consult to the Communitarian Health Center from location during August of 2006-July of 2007. VARIABLES: demographics, socioeconomics and sanitarians. Analysis: prevalence and incidence rates, ratios, proportions and odds ratios (OR) with 95% of confiance (p≤0,05). SOFTWARE: Epi Info© version 3,3,2. RESULTS: 521 preschool children. Acute respiratory infection prevalence 87,14 X 100 preschool. Recurrent acute respiratory infections prevalence 53,32 X 100 preschool children. Recurrent acute respiratory infections incidence 61,23 X 100 preschool children with acute respiratory infections. Epidemiologic profile: 45,4% females and 54,6% males; ages: 11,2% <1 year-old, 34,1% one year-old, 31,3% 2 years-old, 13,9% 3 years-old and 9,5% 4 years-old; crowding 74,4%; calcareous material housing 93,4%. Don't be find significant association with any studied factors (p>0,05). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of single and recurrent acute respiratory infections is high, the socioeconomic and sanitarian condition seeming don't be influence in this fact. Be required wider studies, multi-centrals preferably, with inclusion of other variables as alimentation type and concomitant and previous diseases for better conclusions. Key words: Acute respiratory infections. Recurrence. Preschool children.
OBJECTIVE: to identify acute respiratory infections prevalence in preschool children from Rubén Jaramillo Town, Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico. ADDITIONALLY: to measure prevalence and incidence of recurrent acute respiratory infections; to define epidemiologic profile of the preschool children with acute respiratory infections; and to estimate association force between recurrent acute respiratory infections and known risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Design: cross-sectional study. UNIVERSE: 521 preschool child residents in Rubén Jaramillo Town. Sample: no randomized for convenience. SELECTION CRITERIONS: a preschool child that goes to medical consult to the Communitarian Health Center from location during August of 2006-July of 2007. VARIABLES: demographics, socioeconomics and sanitarians. Analysis: prevalence and incidence rates, ratios, proportions and odds ratios (OR) with 95% of confiance (p≤0,05). SOFTWARE: Epi Info© version 3,3,2. RESULTS: 521 preschool children. Acute respiratory infection prevalence 87,14 X 100 preschool. Recurrent acute respiratory infections prevalence 53,32 X 100 preschool children. Recurrent acute respiratory infections incidence 61,23 X 100 preschool children with acute respiratory infections. Epidemiologic profile: 45,4% females and 54,6% males; ages: 11,2% <1 year-old, 34,1% one year-old, 31,3% 2 years-old, 13,9% 3 years-old and 9,5% 4 years-old; crowding 74,4%; calcareous material housing 93,4%. Don't be find significant association with any studied factors (p>0,05). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of single and recurrent acute respiratory infections is high, the socioeconomic and sanitarian condition seeming don't be influence in this fact. Be required wider studies, multi-centrals preferably, with inclusion of other variables as alimentation type and concomitant and previous diseases for better conclusions. Key words: Acute respiratory infections. Recurrence. Preschool children.