EDUCACIÓN EN LA DEMOCRACIA INTEGRAL.
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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Resumen:Durante la República liberal en Colombia (1930-1946) se busca cambiar la educación con los métodos de la pedagogía activa. Esta renovación recibió el nombre de Escuela Nueva. Su interés central era la ampliación de la educación comprensiva y participativa, en contra de la enseñanza tradicional, mecánica y pasiva. Por esta razón se convirtió en el centro de estudios y prácticas. La búsqueda de la Escuela Nueva era la apertura hacia una pedagogía con tres fines básicos, no arbitrarios, que se enuncian como: la formación de la actitud científica, la ampliación de la democracia y las habilidades requeridas para el trabajo. Además, proponía una política social con la escuela pública, activa y laica. Estos fines pedagógicos y políticas educativas, se respaldaban en una filosofía pragmática en la que se integran el saber y la acción. La tradición de la Iglesia Católica -que maneja una buena parte de la educación- no estaba dispuesta a compartir las políticas cívicas, ni los fundamentos pragmatistas de esta pedagogía; sin embargo, se recomendaban los métodos activos. Con los debates filosóficos de los últimos años en los que se retoman tradiciones pragmáticas, Dewey, es un punto clave en el estudio de lo que él denomina constructivismo práctico, con el cual seeduca en la democracia integral. Palabras clave:Democracia, pedagogía, Jhon Dewey, Escuela Nueva.
Abstract:In Colombia during the liberal Republic (1930-1946) it was introduced a new method of education called New School. It is based on theory of active pedagogy and its core is the student participation, unlike the traditional way, passive and mechanical. Hence, New School was a spotlight of studies. People who were involved in this revolution established three basic principles: extend to democratic ideas, scientific thought, and work skills. All this in a frame of: public schools, lay and active. However, Catholic Church, who managed a lot of institutions, did not agree with these radical ideas because it was based in pragmatic concepts often against the religious believe. Nevertheless, New School was strong recommended and even current philosophic debates are focus on Dewey theories (pragmatic constructivism) that appear like a key point of teaching in integral democracy.
Abstract:In Colombia during the liberal Republic (1930-1946) it was introduced a new method of education called New School. It is based on theory of active pedagogy and its core is the student participation, unlike the traditional way, passive and mechanical. Hence, New School was a spotlight of studies. People who were involved in this revolution established three basic principles: extend to democratic ideas, scientific thought, and work skills. All this in a frame of: public schools, lay and active. However, Catholic Church, who managed a lot of institutions, did not agree with these radical ideas because it was based in pragmatic concepts often against the religious believe. Nevertheless, New School was strong recommended and even current philosophic debates are focus on Dewey theories (pragmatic constructivism) that appear like a key point of teaching in integral democracy.