Enfermedades renales diagnosticadas por biopsia: descripción clínica, histológica y epidemiológica. Resultados de la población atendida entre 1992 y 2010 en el Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital Universitario San Juan de Dios. Armenia (Colombia)
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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Objetivo. Determinar las características clínico-epidemiológicas de las glomerulopatías a partir del registro de historias clínicas delServicio de Nefrología del Hospital Universitario San Juan de Dios. Métodos. Es un estudio de tipo descriptivo retrospectivo del periodocomprendido entre 1992-2010, en el cual se realizaron 168 biopsias renales guiadas por ecografía. Del total de dichos reporteshistológicos, se obtuvieron datos de 136 historias clínicas. Resultados. Se encontró que la población adulta joven (≥18 < 60 años)correspondió al grupo en el que con mayor frecuencia se realizó biopsia renal (72,06%), así como el género femenino (55,1%). Elsíndrome nefrótico fue la principal indicación de biopsia renal (42,65%), seguido de la insuficiencia renal (30,15%). En el momento dela realización de la biopsia, el 55,8% de los pacientes tenían función renal normal. Los principales diagnósticos histológicos fueron laenfermedad por cambios mínimos en los niños, y la glomérulonefritis membrano-proliferativa y la glomeruloesclerosis focal ysegmentaria en la población mayor; encontrando la nefropatía lúpica como la principal etiología secundaria en todas la edades. Lascomplicaciones secundarias al procedimiento se presentaron en el 1% de los pacientes.Conclusiones. La biopsia renal percutáneaguiada por ecografía es un método diagnóstico con bajo riesgo de complicaciones y de fácil realización en aquellos pacientes quepresenten compromiso renal, manifestado como alteración en el sedimento urinario, síndrome nefrótico con o sin deterioro funciónrenal; determina a su vez, el tratamiento y pronóstico de éstos pacientes.
Palabras Clave: Glomerulopatía. Biopsia. Epidemiología.
Kidney disease diagnosed by biopsy: clinical, histological and epidemiologic description. Results of the population attended between 1992and 2010 in the Hospital Universitario San Juan de Dios Nephology Service of Armenia city (Colombia).Objetives. Determine the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of glomerular diseases from the registry of clinical histories of theHospital Universitario San Juan de Dios nephrology service. Methods. This is a descriptive and a retrospective study, realized in theperiod of 1992-2010, in which 168 biopsies were made, guided by echography. From the total of the histology reports, were obtaineddata of 136 clinic histories. Results. Young people (≥18 < 60 years old) was the group with the highest number of renal biopsies(72,06%), and the women group too (55,1%). The nephrotic syndrome was the major indication of biopsy (42,65%) followed by acuterenal failure (30,15%). At the moment of the procedure, 55,8% of patients had normal renal function. Minimal change disease was theprincipal diagnostic in children, while membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis were themajor morphologic patterns in the adults, being the lupus nephritis the principal secondary cause in all the ages. Just 1% of thepatients had complications. Conclusion. The renal percutaneous biopsy, guides by echography is an easy diagnostic method with alow risk of complications in those patients with kidney injury, demonstrated as active urine sediment, nephrotic syndrome with orwithout renal failure; this is also fundamental to patient’s prognostic and treatment. Key words: Glomerulopathy. Biopsy. Epidemiology.
Kidney disease diagnosed by biopsy: clinical, histological and epidemiologic description. Results of the population attended between 1992and 2010 in the Hospital Universitario San Juan de Dios Nephology Service of Armenia city (Colombia).Objetives. Determine the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of glomerular diseases from the registry of clinical histories of theHospital Universitario San Juan de Dios nephrology service. Methods. This is a descriptive and a retrospective study, realized in theperiod of 1992-2010, in which 168 biopsies were made, guided by echography. From the total of the histology reports, were obtaineddata of 136 clinic histories. Results. Young people (≥18 < 60 years old) was the group with the highest number of renal biopsies(72,06%), and the women group too (55,1%). The nephrotic syndrome was the major indication of biopsy (42,65%) followed by acuterenal failure (30,15%). At the moment of the procedure, 55,8% of patients had normal renal function. Minimal change disease was theprincipal diagnostic in children, while membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis were themajor morphologic patterns in the adults, being the lupus nephritis the principal secondary cause in all the ages. Just 1% of thepatients had complications. Conclusion. The renal percutaneous biopsy, guides by echography is an easy diagnostic method with alow risk of complications in those patients with kidney injury, demonstrated as active urine sediment, nephrotic syndrome with orwithout renal failure; this is also fundamental to patient’s prognostic and treatment. Key words: Glomerulopathy. Biopsy. Epidemiology.