MORFOLOGÍA DEL ALTIPLANO DE SANTA ROSA DE OSOS (ASRO).
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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El altiplano de Santa Rosa de Osos (ASRO) ocupa el eje de la parte septentrional de la Cordillera Central y conjuntamente con otras unidades similares adyacentes define una estructura escalonada de altiplanos en este sector de la cordillera. Esta estructura mayor le da una forma de pirámide truncada al sector septentrional del edificio cordillerano; esta forma contrasta con aquellas que presenta la cordillera en los tramos contiguos localizados en el departamento de Caldas.
El ASRO presenta un basculamiento tectónico hacia el sur puesto en evidencia en la distribución sistemática altitudinal; este basculamiento es relativamente antiguo (pre-Cuaternario) y se podría asociar hipotéticamente con interacciones tectónicas relacionadas con el adosamiento del arco de islas “Panamá-Baudó”. Dentro del altiplano, es persistente la presencia de una estructura escalonada de geoformas de naturaleza y extensión muy diversas; esta estructura se repite para unidades mórficas inscritas en la escala de 103 km2 hasta aquellas inscritas en la escala de 10-1 km2. Esta persistencia expresa la importancia de los levantamientos tectónicos, pasados y recientes, como condicionamientos estructurales para el despliegue de las trayectorias de evolución del relieve. La diversidad mórfica del ASRO expresa, a nivel de hipótesis, la existencia de un registro geomorfológico que abarca todo el Cuaternario y una parte considerable del Terciario. La morfología truncada del eje de la cordillera posiblemente es un testimonio de las fases tempranas de su levantamiento.
Palabras claves: Altiplanos; altiplanos escalonados; rampas denudativas; cadenas de inselberg; geomorfometría; Santa Rosa de Osos; Cordillera Central; Andes colombianos.
The highland of Santa Rosa de Osos (ASRO) is a tectonically uplifted erosion surface (etchplain) also known as altiplano. It occupies the axis of the northern part of the cordillera Central of the colombian Andes and defines with other adjacent similar units a stepped structure of altiplanos in this sector of the mountain range. This bigger structure gives to the northern sector of the cordillera a truncated pyramid form, this form contrasts with those that the cordillera presents in the contiguous tracts located in the departmento de Caldas. The ASRO is a homoclinal tectonic structure dipping toward the south, this is evident in the systematic distribution of altitudes; homoclinal structure is relatively old (pre-quaternary) and it could be associated, hypothetically, with the collision with islands arch of “Panama-Baudó”. Into the altiplano is persistent the presence of a stepped structure of natural and extensional very diverse geomorphic units; this structure is repeated in geomorphic units inscribed in the scale of 103 km2 until those inscribed in the scale of 10-1 km2 and it is expression of the importance of the past and recent tectonic risings. These movements impose structural conditions for the unfolding of the trajectories of relief evolution. The geomorphic diversity at ASRO expresses the existence of geomorphologic evidence that includes the entire Quaternary and a considerable part of the Tertiary. The truncated morphology of the axis of the mountain range is possibly an evidence of the early phases of its rising. Keywords: Etchplains; stepped etchplains; denudativa planar surface; inselberg range; geomorphometry; Santa Rosa de Osos; Cordillera Central; colombian Andes.
The highland of Santa Rosa de Osos (ASRO) is a tectonically uplifted erosion surface (etchplain) also known as altiplano. It occupies the axis of the northern part of the cordillera Central of the colombian Andes and defines with other adjacent similar units a stepped structure of altiplanos in this sector of the mountain range. This bigger structure gives to the northern sector of the cordillera a truncated pyramid form, this form contrasts with those that the cordillera presents in the contiguous tracts located in the departmento de Caldas. The ASRO is a homoclinal tectonic structure dipping toward the south, this is evident in the systematic distribution of altitudes; homoclinal structure is relatively old (pre-quaternary) and it could be associated, hypothetically, with the collision with islands arch of “Panama-Baudó”. Into the altiplano is persistent the presence of a stepped structure of natural and extensional very diverse geomorphic units; this structure is repeated in geomorphic units inscribed in the scale of 103 km2 until those inscribed in the scale of 10-1 km2 and it is expression of the importance of the past and recent tectonic risings. These movements impose structural conditions for the unfolding of the trajectories of relief evolution. The geomorphic diversity at ASRO expresses the existence of geomorphologic evidence that includes the entire Quaternary and a considerable part of the Tertiary. The truncated morphology of the axis of the mountain range is possibly an evidence of the early phases of its rising. Keywords: Etchplains; stepped etchplains; denudativa planar surface; inselberg range; geomorphometry; Santa Rosa de Osos; Cordillera Central; colombian Andes.