MAPA DE UNIDADES DE SUELO Y LITOLOGÍA SUPERFICIAL COMO CONTRIBUCIÓN AL PROYECTO GESTIÓN INTEGRAL DE RIESGOS EN ESPACIOS URBANOS - FASE MÉRIDA, VENEZUELA
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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La investigación llevada a cabo dentro del proyecto intitulado “Gestión integral de riesgos en espacios urbanos (Fase Mérida)” enmarcado en el macro proyecto Misión Ciencias, tuvo como objetivo en su componente geológico_ geomorfológico_ geotécnico elaborar un mapa de susceptibilidad ante movimientos en masa en el área metropolitana del Municipio Libertador del estado Mérida, el cual resulto de la integración de cinco variables condicionantes a la estabilidad: pendiente, vegetación, geomorfología, cinemática y unidades de suelo, y litología superficial. Para efectos del artículo se expondrá una de las principales variables utilizadas, el mapa de unidades de suelo y litología superficial. Este mapa representa una propuesta a ser incluida dentro de los mapas de susceptibilidad, ya que permite cartografiar la distribución areal de los materiales geológicos superficiales en base a su estado físico-geomecánico, condición no considerada en los análisis clásicos. En función de esta nueva metodología, se logró caracterizar diecisiete unidades de material superficial, considerando: resistencia, grado de fracturamiento, meteorización y comportamiento geomecánico de los materiales, estableciéndose además niveles de propensión a la inestabilidad.
Research carried out within the project entitled “Integrated risk management in urban areas (Mérida Phase)” framed in Science Mission project, had as main objective (geological – geotechnical- geomorphological component) produce a map susceptibility to mass movements in the metropolitan area of Libertador Municipality of Mérida, which resulted from the integration of five conditions to the stability variables: slope, vegetation, geomorphology, kinematics and ground units and surface lithology. For purposes of the article will present one of the main variables used, the map units of soil and surface lithology. This map represents a proposal to be included within the susceptibility maps, allowing mapping the distribution area of surface geological materials based on their physical and geomechanical state, condition not considered in the classical analysis. Based on this new method, it was possible to characterize seventeen units surface material, considering: resistance, degree of fracturing, weathering and geomechanical behavior of materials, also establishing levels of propensity to instability.
Research carried out within the project entitled “Integrated risk management in urban areas (Mérida Phase)” framed in Science Mission project, had as main objective (geological – geotechnical- geomorphological component) produce a map susceptibility to mass movements in the metropolitan area of Libertador Municipality of Mérida, which resulted from the integration of five conditions to the stability variables: slope, vegetation, geomorphology, kinematics and ground units and surface lithology. For purposes of the article will present one of the main variables used, the map units of soil and surface lithology. This map represents a proposal to be included within the susceptibility maps, allowing mapping the distribution area of surface geological materials based on their physical and geomechanical state, condition not considered in the classical analysis. Based on this new method, it was possible to characterize seventeen units surface material, considering: resistance, degree of fracturing, weathering and geomechanical behavior of materials, also establishing levels of propensity to instability.
Keywords
Susceptibility, soil units and surface lithology, physical-mechanical mapping state, susceptibilidad, unidades de suelo, litología superficial, estado físico-geomecánico, cartografía