Concepción de un simulador para el entrenamiento de operadores de centrales hidroeléctricas y desarrollo del arranque de un generador
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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En el entrenamiento de operadores de centrales hidroeléctricas, el operador aprendiz puede realizar una mala maniobra, con salidas de operación o daños en los equipos, con los costos que ello implica para la empresa. Un simulador permite el entrenamiento de aprendices en condiciones de seguridad en la operación y además permite entrenar a los operadores en situaciones inusuales con condiciones críticas de operación o de falla. Este artículo presenta la concepción de un simulador de entrenamiento para operadores de centrales hidroeléctricas. Inicialmente, se definen los sistemas y equipos y las condiciones para la operación del generador. Después, se presentan los requerimientos para el simulador y los casos de uso; con ellos, se diseña la arquitectura software y hardware y las interfaces con el usuario. Finalmente, se muestra el desarrollo y prueba de las interfaces para el arranque del generador, mediante el uso del software de programación LabVIEW®. En las pruebas se aprecia a las interfaces que se conectan con los modelos matemáticos de los subsistemas. Esta conexión de los modelos con las interfaces del simulador, puede ser vista por el cambio en el estado de las variables que conforman las interfaces.
In the training of operators of hydropower plants, the apprentice operator could make a bad handling, which could stop the whole operation of the plant or damage the equipment, generating unwanted costs to the enterprise. A simulator allows training of apprentices in safe conditions during the operation and allows the training of operators in unusual situations with critical operating conditions or failure. This paper presents the design of a training simulator for operators of hydropower plants. Initially, systems and equipment are defined as well as the initial conditions for the correct operation of the generator. Then, the requirements for the simulator and use cases are presented and the software and hardware architecture and user interfaces are designed. Finally, the development and testing of interfaces for the starting of the generator are shown by using LabVIEW® programming software. Tests show the interfaces that connect with mathematical models of subsystems. This connection of models with the interfaces of the simulator can be seen due to the change in the state of the variables that are part of the interfaces.
In the training of operators of hydropower plants, the apprentice operator could make a bad handling, which could stop the whole operation of the plant or damage the equipment, generating unwanted costs to the enterprise. A simulator allows training of apprentices in safe conditions during the operation and allows the training of operators in unusual situations with critical operating conditions or failure. This paper presents the design of a training simulator for operators of hydropower plants. Initially, systems and equipment are defined as well as the initial conditions for the correct operation of the generator. Then, the requirements for the simulator and use cases are presented and the software and hardware architecture and user interfaces are designed. Finally, the development and testing of interfaces for the starting of the generator are shown by using LabVIEW® programming software. Tests show the interfaces that connect with mathematical models of subsystems. This connection of models with the interfaces of the simulator can be seen due to the change in the state of the variables that are part of the interfaces.
Keywords
training simulator, hydropower, models, generation group, LabVIEW,, requirements, interface, use case, operator, simulador de entrenamiento, centrales hidroeléctricas, modelos, grupo de generación, LabVIEW®, Requerimientos, interfaz, casos de uso, operador