Mass culture and affirmative culture within the conflict between individuals and society. An aproximation from the sociocritical theory
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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El objetivo principal del siguiente trabajo es mostrar que el estudio de la cultura de masas realizado por la Escuela de Frankfurt permite analizar el conflicto individuo y sociedad desde una perspectiva distinta a la empleada por la tradición de la filosofía moderna, en especial, desde las llamadas teorías del contrato social. Para tal fin analizaremos, primero, la reformulación que Herbert Marcuse realiza del conflicto individuo y sociedad en la teoría de la cultura de Freud; luego, se estudiará la forma como la cultura de masas parece superar el conflicto, cuando consigue, aparentemente, una armonía entre el individuo y la sociedad. Cabe destacar que la hipótesis desarrollada es que Marcuse prefiere el conflicto individuo y sociedad a su aparente solución, pues, la existencia del conflicto mantiene al menos la conciencia de la escisión, condición para la preservación del pensamiento crítico de la sociedad.
The main goal of this paper is to examine how the study of mass culture made by the Frankfurt School can analyze the conflict between individual and society, from a different perspective to that one studied by the tradition of modern philosophy, especially, from that called social contract theories. To achieve this objective we will, first, discuss the reformulation that Herbert Marcuse does about the conflict between individual and society, in the conflict culture theory of Freud; then, we will study how mass culture seems to overcome the conflict, when it, apparently has achieved a harmony between the individual and society. Our hypothesis is that Marcuse, ultimately, prefers to focus more on the conflict between individual and society than on its apparent solution. This is because, for him, the existence of the conflict maintains, at least, the conscious of the excision, a condition for the preservation of critical thinking in the society.
The main goal of this paper is to examine how the study of mass culture made by the Frankfurt School can analyze the conflict between individual and society, from a different perspective to that one studied by the tradition of modern philosophy, especially, from that called social contract theories. To achieve this objective we will, first, discuss the reformulation that Herbert Marcuse does about the conflict between individual and society, in the conflict culture theory of Freud; then, we will study how mass culture seems to overcome the conflict, when it, apparently has achieved a harmony between the individual and society. Our hypothesis is that Marcuse, ultimately, prefers to focus more on the conflict between individual and society than on its apparent solution. This is because, for him, the existence of the conflict maintains, at least, the conscious of the excision, a condition for the preservation of critical thinking in the society.
Keywords
sociedad, individuo, masa, cultura, conflicto, society, individual, mass culture, conflict