DEFORMACIÓN TECTÓNICA RECIENTE EN LOS PIE DE MONTES DE LAS CORDILLERAS CENTRAL Y OCCIDENTAL, VALLE DEL CAUCA, COLOMBIA
No Thumbnail Available
Date
Advisors
Evaluators
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Industrial de Santander
Abstract
Description
La cuenca intramontana del río Cauca, por situarse cerca del margen activo en el occidente colombiano, es una de las regiones claves para comprender la evolución estructural y la actividad sísmica reciente de los Andes más occidentales en Colombia. El descubrimiento de rasgos de actividad neotectónica en esta cuenca, entre Cali y Cartago, y la aplicación de análisis tectónico y radiométrico condujo a la caracterización de tres zonas con rasgos morfoestructurales distintivos: 1) Pie de monte de la Cordillera Central. Presenta fallas normales coetáneas con depósitos Miocenos que fueron reactivadas como fallas inversas durante el Cuaternario, y retrocabalgamientos que sugieren la existencia de una cuña subcrítica. Análisis radiométricos indican la naturaleza episódica de la actividad neotectónica. 2) Pie de monte de la Cordillera Occidental. Dominan fallas con componentes horizontales sobre los de inclinación. 3) Llanura aluvial del río Cauca. Es común el fallamiento distensivo en depósitos lacustres y fluviales recientes. Las estructuras sedimentarias relacionadas con las fallas sugieren que la mayor parte de ellas fueron producidas por licuación del substrato fino durante sacudidas sísmicas. El gradiente topográfico, a lo largo del río Cauca no es uniforme, muestra una mayor pendiente y mayor grado de sinuosidad frente a las escamas de cabalgamiento de la Saliente de Buga. Los resultados de este trabajo se discuten y comparan con la información vigente y se hace una propuesta de modelo estructural para este sector del occidente colombiano.
Palabras clave: Anticlinal activo, cinturón de cabalgamiento, fallamiento ciego activo, licuación, sinuosidad y gradiente río Cauca.
The intermountain basin of the Cauca River, located close to the active margin in western Colombia, is one of the keys to understand the evolution and recent seismic activity in the westernmost Andes in Colombia. The discovery of evidences of neotectonic activity in this basin, between Cali and Cartago, and the application of tectonic and radiometric analysis led to the characterization of three zones with distinctive morpho-structural expressions: 1) Foothills of the Cordillera Central. It shows contemporary normal faulting with Miocene deposits that were reactivated as reverse faults during Quaternary, and backthrusts indicating the existence of a subcritical wedge. Radiometric analysis indicate the episodic nature of the neotectonic activity. 2) Foothills of the Cordillera Occidental. The horizontal component of faulting is predominant over the dip-slip one. 3) Floodplain of the Cauca river. Extensional faulting is common on recent fluvial and lacustrine deposits. Sedimentary structures related to faulting suggest that most of them were produced by liquefaction of the substrate during seismic shaking. The topographic gradient, along the Cauca River is not uniform, it shows a higher slope and greater sinuosity in front of the thrust sheets of the Buga Salient. The results of this work are discussed and compared with existing information and a structural model is provided for this area of western Colombia. Keywords: Active anticline, fold and thrust belt, active blind faulting, liquefaction, Cauca river gradient and sinuosity.
The intermountain basin of the Cauca River, located close to the active margin in western Colombia, is one of the keys to understand the evolution and recent seismic activity in the westernmost Andes in Colombia. The discovery of evidences of neotectonic activity in this basin, between Cali and Cartago, and the application of tectonic and radiometric analysis led to the characterization of three zones with distinctive morpho-structural expressions: 1) Foothills of the Cordillera Central. It shows contemporary normal faulting with Miocene deposits that were reactivated as reverse faults during Quaternary, and backthrusts indicating the existence of a subcritical wedge. Radiometric analysis indicate the episodic nature of the neotectonic activity. 2) Foothills of the Cordillera Occidental. The horizontal component of faulting is predominant over the dip-slip one. 3) Floodplain of the Cauca river. Extensional faulting is common on recent fluvial and lacustrine deposits. Sedimentary structures related to faulting suggest that most of them were produced by liquefaction of the substrate during seismic shaking. The topographic gradient, along the Cauca River is not uniform, it shows a higher slope and greater sinuosity in front of the thrust sheets of the Buga Salient. The results of this work are discussed and compared with existing information and a structural model is provided for this area of western Colombia. Keywords: Active anticline, fold and thrust belt, active blind faulting, liquefaction, Cauca river gradient and sinuosity.