Factores no farmacológicos asociados al control de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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Objetivo: determinar los factores asociados al control no farmacológico de los adultos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en la poblaciónamericana. Metodología: se realizó una revisión sistemática en diferentes bases de datos con palabras clave acerca de los factoresasociados al control de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 bajo diferentes criterios de inclusión y exclusión, que posteriormente fueron revisados,para un total de 21 estudios analizados y categorizados; teniendo en cuenta para la discusión solo aquellas variables que permitieranestablecer asociaciones estadísticamente significativas. Se tomó como variable de referencia para el control glicémico la hemoglobina Aglicosilada. Resultados: los factores asociados con el control glicémico fueron la edad, sexo, raza, hemoglobina glicosilada base, idioma,duración de la enfermedad, dieta (ingesta de carbohidratos, lípidos y proteínas, así como costumbres de tabaquismo y alcoholismo),lípidos, peso, índice de masa corporal, perímetro abdominal, presión arterial sistólica, ejercicio (tipo aeróbico, de resistencia ó combinado;consumo de oxígeno en ml/kg/min; umbral ventilatorio frente a hemoglobina glicosilada), programas de educación (número y tipo grupaló personal), conocimiento de la enfermedad, visita al nutricionista, autocuidado, seguridad social, empleo, estados de ánimo depresivos,nivel socioeconómico y educativo y funcionalidad familiar, los cuales fueron estadísticamente significativos (p< 0,05); sin embargo, los quefueron mayormente asociados en varios de los artículos fueron la hemoglobina glicosilada de base, los programas de educación al pacientediabético y la edad. Discusión: las anteriores variables establecidas a nivel estadístico como factores de riesgo permiten clasificarlas comomodificables y no modificables, lo cual es fundamental para plantear y definir estrategias que permitan alcanzar el máximo control dela enfermedad, así como para amortiguar los efectos deletéreos de los procesos celulares de envejecimiento celular; evitando así lascomplicaciones microangiopáticas y neuromusculares típicas de esta endocrinopatía. (MÉD.UIS. 2012;25(1):29-43).Palabras clave: Dieta. Ejercicio. Educación. Obesidad. Diabetes. Hb A1c. Seguridad social. Autocuidado.
Nonpharmacological factors associated with diabetes mellitus type 2Objective: determine the factors associated with nonpharmacologic of adults with diabetes mellitus type 2 in the American population.Method: we conducted a systematic review in different databases with key words about the factors associated with diabetes mellitustype 2 under different inclusion and exclusion criteria, which were subsequently revised to a total of 21 studies analyzed and categorized ,allowing for discussion only those variables that establish statistically significant associations. Was taken as the reference variable glycemiccontrol glycosylated hemoglobin A. Results: factors associated with glycemic control were age, sex, race, glycosylated hemoglobin basis,language, duration of illness, diet (intake of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins as well as smoking and drinking habits), lipids, weight ,body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, exercise (aerobic, resistance or combined, oxygen consumption in ml / kg/ min, ventilatory threshold versus glycosylated hemoglobin), education (number and type or group staff), knowledge of the disease, visitthe nutritionist, self care, social security, employment, depressive moods, socioeconomic and educational level and family functioning,which were statistically significant (p <0.05), but which were mostly associated in several of the articles were glycosylated hemoglobinbasic education programs for diabetic patients and age. Discussion: above variables statistically established risk factors allow classified asmodifiable and non modifiable, which is essential to raise and define strategies to achieve maximum control of the disease and to mitigatethe deleterious effects of the processes aging cell phone, thus avoiding complications and neuromuscular microangiopathic typical of thisendocrinopathy. (MÉD.UIS. 2012, 25 (1): 29-43).Keywords: Diet. Exercise. Education. Obesity. Diabetes. Hb A1c. Social security. Self Care.
Nonpharmacological factors associated with diabetes mellitus type 2Objective: determine the factors associated with nonpharmacologic of adults with diabetes mellitus type 2 in the American population.Method: we conducted a systematic review in different databases with key words about the factors associated with diabetes mellitustype 2 under different inclusion and exclusion criteria, which were subsequently revised to a total of 21 studies analyzed and categorized ,allowing for discussion only those variables that establish statistically significant associations. Was taken as the reference variable glycemiccontrol glycosylated hemoglobin A. Results: factors associated with glycemic control were age, sex, race, glycosylated hemoglobin basis,language, duration of illness, diet (intake of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins as well as smoking and drinking habits), lipids, weight ,body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, exercise (aerobic, resistance or combined, oxygen consumption in ml / kg/ min, ventilatory threshold versus glycosylated hemoglobin), education (number and type or group staff), knowledge of the disease, visitthe nutritionist, self care, social security, employment, depressive moods, socioeconomic and educational level and family functioning,which were statistically significant (p <0.05), but which were mostly associated in several of the articles were glycosylated hemoglobinbasic education programs for diabetic patients and age. Discussion: above variables statistically established risk factors allow classified asmodifiable and non modifiable, which is essential to raise and define strategies to achieve maximum control of the disease and to mitigatethe deleterious effects of the processes aging cell phone, thus avoiding complications and neuromuscular microangiopathic typical of thisendocrinopathy. (MÉD.UIS. 2012, 25 (1): 29-43).Keywords: Diet. Exercise. Education. Obesity. Diabetes. Hb A1c. Social security. Self Care.