Marcos Pérez Jiménez y Gustavo Rojas Pinilla: Dos modelos de dictaduras desarrollistas en América Latina
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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En la década de los 50, se establecieron en América Latina una serie de regímenes militares que impulsaron el desarrollo económico a través de la promoción de los procesos de industrialización. Entre estas llamadas “dictaduras desarrollistas” figuran los gobiernos de Marcos Pérez Jiménez en Venezuela, Manuel Odría en Perú, Gustavo Rojas Pinilla en Colombia, y Juscelino Kubitschek en Brasil. El objetivo de este artículo de investigación, es presentar un estudio comparado de los regímenes de Marcos Pérez Jiménez en Venezuela y Gustavo Rojas Pinilla en Colombia, tomando en cuenta el contexto histórico en el que surgen, el modelo de desarrollo promovido, su visión de la democracia y el pueblo, y el papel del Estado en el desarrollo económico.Palabras clave: Dictaduras desarrollistas, militarismo, Marcos Pérez Jiménez, Gustavo Rojas Pinilla.
Aseries of military regimes established in Latin America during the 1950s impelled economic development through the promotion of industrialization processes. Among these so-called “developmentalist dictatorships” were the Marcos Pérez Jiménez government in Venezuela, Manuel Odría in Perú, Gustavo Rojas Pinillas in Colombia, and Juscelino Kubitschek in Brasil. The objective of this work is to present a comparative study of the Marcos Pérez Jiménez and Gustavo Rojas Pinilla regimes, taking into account the historical context in which they emerged, the development model promoted, the concepts about democracy and people and the role of the State in the economic development.Key words: Desarrollistas dictatorships, militarism, Marcos Pérez Jiménez, Gustavo Rojas Pinilla.
Aseries of military regimes established in Latin America during the 1950s impelled economic development through the promotion of industrialization processes. Among these so-called “developmentalist dictatorships” were the Marcos Pérez Jiménez government in Venezuela, Manuel Odría in Perú, Gustavo Rojas Pinillas in Colombia, and Juscelino Kubitschek in Brasil. The objective of this work is to present a comparative study of the Marcos Pérez Jiménez and Gustavo Rojas Pinilla regimes, taking into account the historical context in which they emerged, the development model promoted, the concepts about democracy and people and the role of the State in the economic development.Key words: Desarrollistas dictatorships, militarism, Marcos Pérez Jiménez, Gustavo Rojas Pinilla.