MEJORAMIENTO DE LA CALIDAD DEL ACEITE LIVIANO DE CICLO MEDIANTE TRATAMIENTO CON CLORUROS METÁLICOS
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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El aceite liviano de ciclo (ALC) es un producto de las unidades de craqueo catalítico, obtenido en el mismo intervalo de ebullición del diesel. Se caracteriza por presentar en su composición química altas concentraciones de compuestos de azufre, nitrógeno, oxígeno y poliaromáticos, lo que lo hace poco atractivo para ser utilizado como combustible diesel desde el punto de vista ambiental y operacional. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos experimentalmente mediante el tratamiento ácido del ALC. Se emplearon diferentes ácidos de Lewis del tipo cloruro de metal, los cuales interaccionan con los compuestos nitrogenados, que son los compuestos de mayor basicidad presentes en el hidrocarburo; promoviendo la formación de complejos de baja solubilidad en el medio, que son fácilmente separados de él. Mediante el tratamiento se reduce casi totalmente el contenido de nitrógeno y se mejora el color del ALC.
Light cycle oil (LCO) is a cracked distillate of boiling range equivalent to diesel fuel. It is characterized by high contents of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and polyaromatic compounds. These compounds are instability precursors which limit LCO use as fuel on diesel blends. This work presents the results obtained from the acid treatment of LCO. Different Lewis acids such as metallic chlorides were used to interact with nitrogen compounds in LCO, the more basic ones; an acid-base complex is formed, which is easily separated from the LCO because of its low solubility. Through the acid treatment, nitrogen compounds are removed almost completely and the LCO color is improved.
Light cycle oil (LCO) is a cracked distillate of boiling range equivalent to diesel fuel. It is characterized by high contents of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and polyaromatic compounds. These compounds are instability precursors which limit LCO use as fuel on diesel blends. This work presents the results obtained from the acid treatment of LCO. Different Lewis acids such as metallic chlorides were used to interact with nitrogen compounds in LCO, the more basic ones; an acid-base complex is formed, which is easily separated from the LCO because of its low solubility. Through the acid treatment, nitrogen compounds are removed almost completely and the LCO color is improved.