APROVECHAMIENTO DE LOS RESIDUOS DE LA INDUSTRIA PALMERA MEDIANTE LA OBTENCIÓN DE CARBÓN ACTIVADO A ESCALA DE LABORATORIO
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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El cuesco de fruto de palma se usó para la preparación de carbón activado. En primer lugar el cuesco fue sometido a un proceso de pirólisis; el carbón resultante se trató mediante un proceso de activación física. Se comparó la influencia de la activación física a nivel de laboratorio, con los resultados del carbón activado comercial; los resultados se compararon con base en la actividad con respecto al número de yodo y la actividad con respecto al azul de metileno. La pirólisis se realizó en un horno con capacidad de 500 kg de carga a una temperatura de 380 ºC y un tiempo de carbonización de 10 días. La activación física se llevó a cabo con vapor de agua sobrecalentado a 350 ºC en un tubo de vidrio en lecho fijo. Se encontró que el carbón activado obtenido posee un área superficial de 520 m2/g y una distribución de poro en su mayoría microporosa.
Palm kernel oil Shell was used in the activated carbon preparation. In the first step, shell was treated by thermal pyrolysis; the resulting charcoal was activated physically in the presence of superheated steam. The influence of the physical activation at laboratory scale was compared with the results of the commercial activated carbon; the properties were compared by determination of lodine activity and methylene blue activity. Pyrolysis was carried out at temperature of 380 ºC and carbonization time of 10 days, in a 500 kg capacity furnace. The physical activation was carried out with superheated steam up to 350 ºC, in a glass tube in a fixed bed. The activated carbon obtained had a surface area of 520 m2/g and microporous pore distribution.
Palm kernel oil Shell was used in the activated carbon preparation. In the first step, shell was treated by thermal pyrolysis; the resulting charcoal was activated physically in the presence of superheated steam. The influence of the physical activation at laboratory scale was compared with the results of the commercial activated carbon; the properties were compared by determination of lodine activity and methylene blue activity. Pyrolysis was carried out at temperature of 380 ºC and carbonization time of 10 days, in a 500 kg capacity furnace. The physical activation was carried out with superheated steam up to 350 ºC, in a glass tube in a fixed bed. The activated carbon obtained had a surface area of 520 m2/g and microporous pore distribution.
Keywords
activated carbon, adsorbents, palm shell wastes., carbón activado, residuos vegetales, adsorbentes.