Individual, work and neoliberalism
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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En la sociedad neoliberal, que ha moldeado la figura de una subjetividad que asume riesgos y actúa por sus propios medios por iniciativa privada, los procesos económicos se explican a partir de las conductas de individuos libres y racionales que acuden al mercado para insertarse en su dinámica de competencia. Con esto, las condiciones específicas y objetivas que definen la estructura social, la cual establece el marco de acción posible en la que los sujetos se comprenden y realizan sus fines, quedan relegadas a un segundo plano. Sin embargo, la sociedad no es solo el resultado de la acción espontánea de los individuos que la componen. Así, a partir de elementos aportados por la concepción marxiana de la sociedad capitalista, el presente artículo pone de relieve la necesidad de establecer la prioridad de la estructura social en tanto esta define el campo de acción de los individuos y condiciona sus resultados.
The neoliberal society has shaped the figure of an autonomous subjectivity that assumes risks and acts by its own means appealing to its private initiative. The economic analyzes that are made from this approach are carried out from a model of free and rational individual that goes to the market and is inserted in its dynamics of competition. With this, the specific elements and objectives that define the social structure are lost sight of, which establishes the framework of possible action that covers individuals, in which they realize their ends. Society is not, then, the result of the spontaneous action of the different individuals that compose it. Therefore, appealing to some elements introduced by Marx for his critique of political economy, this article aims to highlight the existence of a presupposed social structure that defines the field of action for individuals and conditions their results.
The neoliberal society has shaped the figure of an autonomous subjectivity that assumes risks and acts by its own means appealing to its private initiative. The economic analyzes that are made from this approach are carried out from a model of free and rational individual that goes to the market and is inserted in its dynamics of competition. With this, the specific elements and objectives that define the social structure are lost sight of, which establishes the framework of possible action that covers individuals, in which they realize their ends. Society is not, then, the result of the spontaneous action of the different individuals that compose it. Therefore, appealing to some elements introduced by Marx for his critique of political economy, this article aims to highlight the existence of a presupposed social structure that defines the field of action for individuals and conditions their results.
Keywords
neoliberalism, individual, society, work, freedom, Marx, neoliberalismo, individuo, sociedad, trabajo, libertad, Marx