GLACIARES COLOMBIANOS: EVOLUCIÓN RECIENTE Y ESTADO ACTUAL
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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Las montañas nevadas colombianas, han experimentado durante el Holoceno, importantes avances y retrocesos en su masa glaciar como respuesta fundamental a cambios climáticos. A partir de análisis con sensores remotos (fotografías aéreas e imágenes de satélite) se ha podido reconstruir la evolución de área desde el Neoglacial para los seis masas glaciares actuales del país, teniendo una extensión para el periodo 2002 - 2003 de 55 km2, lo cual representa una disminución cercana al 80% durante los últimos 150 años. Actualmente la pérdida de área se estima entre el 1 y 3% anual. En cuanto a la pérdida de espesor de hielo se ha observado en un periodo de 10 meses un promedio de tres metros aproximadamente en el volcán nevado Santa Isabel (Cordillera Central). Estos datos anuncian la inevitable desaparición del hielo en la alta montaña colombiana en tan solo algunas décadas.
Palabras clave: Glaciar, ablación, balance de masa, retroceso glaciar.
The snow-covered mountains Colombian, have experimented during the Holoceno, important advances and backward movements in their mass glacier like fundamental answer to climatic changes. From analysis with remote sensors (aerial photographies and satellite images) it has been possible to reconstruct the evolution of area from Neoglacial for the six masses present glaciers of the country, being had an extension for period 2002 - 2003 of 55 km2, which represents a diminution near 80% during last the 150 years. At the moment the lost one of area is considered between 1 and annual 3%. As far as the loss of thickness of ice to observed in a period of 10 months an average of three meters approximately in the snow-covered volcano Santa Isabel (Central mountain range). These data announce the inevitable disappearance of the ice in the high Colombian mountain in only some decades. Key words: Glacier, ablation, balance of mass, backward movement glacier.
The snow-covered mountains Colombian, have experimented during the Holoceno, important advances and backward movements in their mass glacier like fundamental answer to climatic changes. From analysis with remote sensors (aerial photographies and satellite images) it has been possible to reconstruct the evolution of area from Neoglacial for the six masses present glaciers of the country, being had an extension for period 2002 - 2003 of 55 km2, which represents a diminution near 80% during last the 150 years. At the moment the lost one of area is considered between 1 and annual 3%. As far as the loss of thickness of ice to observed in a period of 10 months an average of three meters approximately in the snow-covered volcano Santa Isabel (Central mountain range). These data announce the inevitable disappearance of the ice in the high Colombian mountain in only some decades. Key words: Glacier, ablation, balance of mass, backward movement glacier.