HISTORICAL ACTIVITY RECORD OF CHILES AND CERRO NEGRO VOLCANOES (COLOMBIAN-ECUADORIAN BORDER)
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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La recopilación documental de información histórica sobre la actividad de los volcanes Chiles (0°49’ N y 77°56’ W, 4.748 m.s.n.m.) y Cerro Negro (0°46’ N y 77° 57’ W, 4.470 m.s.n.m.), en la frontera colombo-ecuatoriana, permite interpretar que estos volcanes han presentado signos de actividad eruptiva menor, posiblemente desde épocas prehispánicas, ya que a inicios de la época de la colonia el Chiles era reconocido como volcán, a pesar de encontrarse en un ámbito geográfico aislado. Hacia la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, el volcán Chiles presentó una actividad fumarólica intensa, la cual pudo estar asociada a eventos eruptivos menores, ocurridos posiblemente entre 1860 y 1869, focalizados en el flanco sur del volcán; en este mismo período se reportan manifestaciones hidrotermales y fumarólicas incipientes al interior del anfiteatro del volcán Cerro Negro y posible actividad eruptiva hacia comienzos del siglo XX, mientras que la actividad fumarólica en Chiles para entonces había desaparecido. Entre 1923 y 1924, se registró una sismicidad significativa (incluyendo un evento de profundidad superficial y magnitud 6 en la escala de Richter) que en su momento fue asociada a erupciones del volcán Chiles. La falta de datos más precisos sobre la actividad eruptiva de estos volcanes se debe posiblemente a la escasa población en la zona que pudiera hacer reportes sobre dicha actividad, a que correspondiera a eventos eruptivos menores y al hecho de considerarse, algunas veces, a los dos centros volcánicos como un solo volcán.
Documentary collection of historical information about the activity of the Chiles (0°49’N and 77°56’W)and Cerro Negro volcanoes (0°46’N and 77°57’W), on the Colombian-Ecuadorian border allows us to interpret that Chiles was active in pre-Hispanic times, since during colonial times it was already recognized as a volcano. By the middle of XIX century, Chiles volcano presented an intense fumarolicactivity possibly related to minor eruptive events that could have occurred between 1860 and 1869, which were focused towards the southern sector of the volcano. Hydrothermal and incipient fumarole activity into the amphitheater of Cerro Negro volcano is reported by 1870, and eruptive activity at the beginning of XX century, while the fumarolic activity in Chiles had disappeared. Later, between 1923 and 1924, a significant seismicity was recorded (including an event of shallow depth and magnitude 6 on the Richter scale) which, in turn, was associated with Chiles volcano eruptive activity. The lack of more precise data on the eruptive activity of these volcanoes is possibly due to the minor eruptive activity, to the sparse population in the area and to the notion that the two volcanoes were considered as one.
Documentary collection of historical information about the activity of the Chiles (0°49’N and 77°56’W)and Cerro Negro volcanoes (0°46’N and 77°57’W), on the Colombian-Ecuadorian border allows us to interpret that Chiles was active in pre-Hispanic times, since during colonial times it was already recognized as a volcano. By the middle of XIX century, Chiles volcano presented an intense fumarolicactivity possibly related to minor eruptive events that could have occurred between 1860 and 1869, which were focused towards the southern sector of the volcano. Hydrothermal and incipient fumarole activity into the amphitheater of Cerro Negro volcano is reported by 1870, and eruptive activity at the beginning of XX century, while the fumarolic activity in Chiles had disappeared. Later, between 1923 and 1924, a significant seismicity was recorded (including an event of shallow depth and magnitude 6 on the Richter scale) which, in turn, was associated with Chiles volcano eruptive activity. The lack of more precise data on the eruptive activity of these volcanoes is possibly due to the minor eruptive activity, to the sparse population in the area and to the notion that the two volcanoes were considered as one.
Keywords
Chiles Volcano, Cerro Negro volcano, historical activity, Volcán Chiles, volcán Cerro Negro, actividad histórica