Characterization of exogenous poisoning in children and teenagers at Sogamoso, Boyacá, during the period 2010 to 2013
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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Introducción: las intoxicaciones exógenas han adquirido paulatinamente la condición de problema de salud pública, particularmente en el área pediátrica, dado que son causantes de hasta un 10% de todos los ingresos a la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo pediátrica. Objetivo: caracterizar los patrones epidemiológicos generales de la intoxicación exógena aguda ocurrida en niños y adolescentes de menos de 18 años, ingresados al servicio de urgencias del Hospital Regional de Sogamoso, Boyacá, durante el período comprendido entre enero de 2010 y junio de 2013. Materiales y Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de 143 historias clínicas de menores de 18 años ingresados al servicio de urgencias con diagnóstico de intoxicación exógena; se evaluaron variables como edad, género, agente, vía de administración, motivo, sitio de ocurrencia y desenlace. Resultados: media de edad 10,5 años (SD=5,6); 56,6% de los casos ocurrieron en pacientes de sexo femenino. Se identificaron dos patrones temporales de intoxicación: uno accidental en menores de cinco años y otro con motivación suicida en adolescentes, más frecuente en mujeres. La mayoría de eventos ocurrieron en casa y las sustancias más frecuentemente involucradas fueron medicamentos y productos de higiene y aseo como plaguicidas y desinfectantes; alta prevalencia de intoxicación accidental por alimentos contaminados; en 5,9% de los casos se encontró como comorbilidad el abuso sexual. Conclusiones: es recomendable el diseño e implementación de acciones educativas dirigidas a padres y cuidadores, así como la de intervenciones de vigilancia y control de situaciones propiciadoras de la conducta suicida como los estados depresivos y el estrés en adolescentes. (MED. UIS. 2014;27(1):9-15)
Introduction: exogenous poisoning has gradually acquired the status of a public health problem, particularly in the pediatric area, since they are causing up to 10% of all admissions to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Objective: to characterize the general epidemiological patterns of acute exogenous poisoning, occurred in children and teenagers aged less than 18 years, admitted to the emergency department of the Hospital Regional de Sogamoso, Boyacá, during the period between january 2010 and june 2013. Materials and Methods: descriptive observational study. We conducted a systematic review of 143 medical records of children aged less than 18 years, admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of exogenous intoxication. There were evaluated variables such as age, gender, agent, route of administration, motive, site of occurrence and final outcome. Results: mean age 10.5 years (SD = 5.6), 56.6% of cases occurred in girls. It was present two temporal patterns of intoxication, one accidental in children aged equal or less than five years and another motivated by suicidal ideation in teenagers, more common in female. Most events occurred at home and the substances most frequently involved were medicaments and hygiene products and cleaning as pesticides and disinfectants. There was high prevalence of accidental poisoning from contaminated food. In 5.9% of cases was found sexual abuse comorbidity. Conclusions: it’s recommendable the design and implementation of educational activities aimed to parents and caretakers, as well as monitoring and control interventions on cases with propitiating situations of suicidal ideation such as depression and stress in teenagers. (MED. UIS. 2014;27(1):9-15)
Introduction: exogenous poisoning has gradually acquired the status of a public health problem, particularly in the pediatric area, since they are causing up to 10% of all admissions to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Objective: to characterize the general epidemiological patterns of acute exogenous poisoning, occurred in children and teenagers aged less than 18 years, admitted to the emergency department of the Hospital Regional de Sogamoso, Boyacá, during the period between january 2010 and june 2013. Materials and Methods: descriptive observational study. We conducted a systematic review of 143 medical records of children aged less than 18 years, admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of exogenous intoxication. There were evaluated variables such as age, gender, agent, route of administration, motive, site of occurrence and final outcome. Results: mean age 10.5 years (SD = 5.6), 56.6% of cases occurred in girls. It was present two temporal patterns of intoxication, one accidental in children aged equal or less than five years and another motivated by suicidal ideation in teenagers, more common in female. Most events occurred at home and the substances most frequently involved were medicaments and hygiene products and cleaning as pesticides and disinfectants. There was high prevalence of accidental poisoning from contaminated food. In 5.9% of cases was found sexual abuse comorbidity. Conclusions: it’s recommendable the design and implementation of educational activities aimed to parents and caretakers, as well as monitoring and control interventions on cases with propitiating situations of suicidal ideation such as depression and stress in teenagers. (MED. UIS. 2014;27(1):9-15)
Keywords
Poisoning, Home Accidents, Suicidal Ideation, Intoxicación, Accidente Doméstico, Ideación Suicida