Mycobacterium tuberculosis genes involved in pathogenicity and resistance to antibiotics for pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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Introducción: la tuberculosis sigue siendo un problema en salud pública, causada por el complejo Mycobacterium tuberculosis, por tanto es importante conocer las características genéticas de la bacteria. Objetivo: realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre los principales componentes del genoma del Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a fin de comprender los mecanismos de patogénesis y la resistencia a medicamentos. Metodología de búsqueda: búsqueda de literatura en español e inglés a través Medline, PubMed, SciELO, UniProt, TubercuList. De 118 publicaciones revisadas solo 93 fueron seleccionados. Resultados: el genoma del Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv comprende 4 411 529 pares de bases. Gran parte de su capacidad de codificación está destinada a la producción de enzimas envueltas en la lipogénesis y lipólisis. Conclusión: las dificultades para manipular las micobacterias genéticamente han hecho de ellas un modelo difícil de caracterizar genéticamente. El desarrollo de herramientas para la manipulación genética han facilitado el entendimiento de la organización del genoma, expresión de sus genes y determinación fenotípica que influyen en su patogenicidad y resistencia a fármacos. MÉD.UIS. 2015;28(1):39-51.Palabras clave: Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Genes. Genoma. Metabolismo. Resistencia a medicamentos.
Introduction: tuberculosis is a public health problem caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, so it is important to know the genetic characteristics of the bacteria. Objetive: to execute a literature review of the main components of the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to understand the mechanisms in the pathogenesis and drug resistance. Methodology: a literature review in Spanish and English using Medline, PubMed, Scielo, Uniprot, Tuberlist. Results: the complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, H37Rv comprises 4,411,529 base pairs. A very large portion of its coding capacity is devoted to the production of enzymes involved in lipogenesis and lipolysis. Conclusion: difficulties to manipulate genetically mycobacteria have made them a difficult model to characterize genetically. The developments of tools for genetic manipulation have been facilitating the understanding of genome organization, expression of their genes and phenotypic determination that influence in the pathogenicity and drug resistance. MÉD.UIS. 2015;28(1):39-51.Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Genes. Genome. Metabolism. Drug resistance.
Introduction: tuberculosis is a public health problem caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, so it is important to know the genetic characteristics of the bacteria. Objetive: to execute a literature review of the main components of the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to understand the mechanisms in the pathogenesis and drug resistance. Methodology: a literature review in Spanish and English using Medline, PubMed, Scielo, Uniprot, Tuberlist. Results: the complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, H37Rv comprises 4,411,529 base pairs. A very large portion of its coding capacity is devoted to the production of enzymes involved in lipogenesis and lipolysis. Conclusion: difficulties to manipulate genetically mycobacteria have made them a difficult model to characterize genetically. The developments of tools for genetic manipulation have been facilitating the understanding of genome organization, expression of their genes and phenotypic determination that influence in the pathogenicity and drug resistance. MÉD.UIS. 2015;28(1):39-51.Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Genes. Genome. Metabolism. Drug resistance.