Intravenous immunoglobulin as an option to treat newborn jaundice caused by ABO incompatibility
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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La ictericia neonatal cuenta con múltiples posibilidades diagnósticas según el tipo de bilirrubina predominante; la enfermedad hemolítica por incompatibilidad ABO es una de las causas más frecuentes en hiperbilirrubinemia indirecta. Las manifestaciones clínicas varían entre asintomáticos hasta manifestaciones neurológicas importantes, llevando incluso a secuelas irreversibles. La fototerapia logra una disminución significativa de la bilirrubina con muy pocas posibilidades de efectos adversos; sin embargo, existen pacientes que requieren métodos invasivos como la exanguinotransfusión. La inmunoglobulina endovenosa a altas dosis no es una opción de manejo en la actualidad. El objetivo de esta revisión es mostrar cómo la inmunoglobulina endovenosa tiene el suficiente sustento bibliográfico para su uso como alternativa de manejo en la hiperbilirrubinemia por incompatibilidad ABO, en busca de disminuir la necesidad de llevar al recién nacido a procedimientos invasivos como la exanguinotransfusión. MÉD.UIS. 2015;28(1):91-7.Palabras clave: Hiperbilirrubinemia Neonatal. Ictericia Neonatal. Inmunoglobulina G. Incompatibilidad de Grupos Sanguíneos. Hemólisis.
Neonatal jaundice has many possible diagnoses according to the predominant type of bilirubin. The ABO incompatibility is one of the most common causes of hemolytic disease due to indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic to severe neurological symptoms, even leading with irreversible damage. Phototherapy achieves a significant decrease of bilirubin, with a low probability of side effects; however, some patients require invasive methods such as exchange transfusion. High doses of Intravenous immunoglobulin no is a treatment used nowadays. The aim of this review is to evidence there is enough literature supporting intravenous immunoglobulin as a valid alternative to treat hyperbilirubinemia by ABO incompatibility, in order to be able to reduce invasive procedures in newborns such as exchange transfusion. MÉD.UIS. 2015;28(1):91-7.Keywords: Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal. Jaundice, Neonatal. Immunoglobulin G. Blood Group Incompatibility. Hemolysis.
Neonatal jaundice has many possible diagnoses according to the predominant type of bilirubin. The ABO incompatibility is one of the most common causes of hemolytic disease due to indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic to severe neurological symptoms, even leading with irreversible damage. Phototherapy achieves a significant decrease of bilirubin, with a low probability of side effects; however, some patients require invasive methods such as exchange transfusion. High doses of Intravenous immunoglobulin no is a treatment used nowadays. The aim of this review is to evidence there is enough literature supporting intravenous immunoglobulin as a valid alternative to treat hyperbilirubinemia by ABO incompatibility, in order to be able to reduce invasive procedures in newborns such as exchange transfusion. MÉD.UIS. 2015;28(1):91-7.Keywords: Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal. Jaundice, Neonatal. Immunoglobulin G. Blood Group Incompatibility. Hemolysis.