¿LAS MEDIDAS DE SEGURIDAD: UNA SIMBIOSIS NECESARIA ENTRE DERECHO PENAL Y PSIQUIATRÍA?
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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RESUMENLos presupuestos antropológicos y biológicos de la Escuela Positiva dieron paso para que en los inicios del S. XX en las legislaciones penales se implementaran las medidas de seguridad. Fue así, que las enfermedades mentales comenzaron a ser catalogadas dentro del carácter nosológico; de la clase de enfermedad dependía la clase de medida de seguridad. El derecho penal dejó a la Psiquiatría la explicación de estos fenómenos que abiertamente dañaban a la sociedad, los médicos, psiquiatras y manicomios eran los encargados de curar a todo aquel catalogado como delincuente peligroso. El enfermo mental fue relacionado no sólo como enfermo, sino como delincuente peligroso al que se le debía encerrar por su incapacidad de pensar. Las medidas de seguridad comenzaron a ser impuestas por un carácter indeterminado de la mano del diagnostico psiquiátrico y la medida impuesta por el juez.Palabras clave: medidas de seguridad, Psiquiatría, peligrosidad, derecho penal, indeterminación.
ABSTRACTThe anthropologic and biological tenets of the Positive School made it possible that-in the early XX century, safety measures were implemented in the penal legislations. Therefore, mental illnesses began to be catalogued inside the character nosológico, and depending on the type of disease a safety measure was taken. The criminal law delegated Psychiatry the explanation of these phenomena that openly damaged society. Doctors, psychiatrists and mental hospitals were in charge of treating to the individuals classified as dangerous delinquents. The mental patient was treated not only as a patient, but also as dangerous delinquent who had to be locked for his disability to think. Safety measures began to be imposed by an indeterminately based on the psychiatric diagnosis and the measure imposed by the judge.Key words: Safety measures, Psychiatry, dangerousness, criminal law, indetermination.
ABSTRACTThe anthropologic and biological tenets of the Positive School made it possible that-in the early XX century, safety measures were implemented in the penal legislations. Therefore, mental illnesses began to be catalogued inside the character nosológico, and depending on the type of disease a safety measure was taken. The criminal law delegated Psychiatry the explanation of these phenomena that openly damaged society. Doctors, psychiatrists and mental hospitals were in charge of treating to the individuals classified as dangerous delinquents. The mental patient was treated not only as a patient, but also as dangerous delinquent who had to be locked for his disability to think. Safety measures began to be imposed by an indeterminately based on the psychiatric diagnosis and the measure imposed by the judge.Key words: Safety measures, Psychiatry, dangerousness, criminal law, indetermination.