Evaluación de la toxicidad de un residuo industrial estabilizado/solidificado con cemento Portland
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
Abstract
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Este estudio evalúa la toxicidad asociada a morteros de cemento portland adicionados con un residuo de catalizador gastado de la industria petroquímica denominado FCC, mediante la aplicación de la técnica de Solidifcación/Estabilización (S/E) y la posterior determinación de la lixiviación de los metales pesados contenidos en el residuo. Para tal propósito, se analizó la composición química y mineralógica del residuo, utilizando las técnicas de Fluorescencia de Rayos X, Difracción de Rayos X y espectroscopia de Infrarrojo. Para establecer las características de lixiviación, se aplicaron los ensayos de TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure), SPLP (Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure) y NEN 7341, en morteros adicionados con un 20% de FCC. Finalmente se comparó lo encontrado en los tres métodos con la legislación ambiental pertinente, concluyendo que el residuo encapsulado en cemento no constituye un problema en términos de lixiviación de contaminantes, por lo que surge como una interesante alternativa para el sector de la construcción.
This study evaluates the toxicity associated with Portland cement mortar blended with a residue of the petrochemical industry called catalytic cracking catalyst waste (FCC) using the technique of Solidifcation/Stabilization (S/E). The techniques of X-Ray Fluorescence, X-Ray diffraction and Infrared Spectroscopy permitted to evaluate the Chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the residue. Leaching of heavy metals on blended mortars with 20% w/w of FCC - determined by the tests Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP) and NEN 7341 - showed that the encapsulated waste is not a problem from of point of view of environmental issues. The research results of this study are in accord with the environmental standards. The use of FCC surges as a positive alternative for appropriated disposition of materials containing heavy metals.
This study evaluates the toxicity associated with Portland cement mortar blended with a residue of the petrochemical industry called catalytic cracking catalyst waste (FCC) using the technique of Solidifcation/Stabilization (S/E). The techniques of X-Ray Fluorescence, X-Ray diffraction and Infrared Spectroscopy permitted to evaluate the Chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the residue. Leaching of heavy metals on blended mortars with 20% w/w of FCC - determined by the tests Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP) and NEN 7341 - showed that the encapsulated waste is not a problem from of point of view of environmental issues. The research results of this study are in accord with the environmental standards. The use of FCC surges as a positive alternative for appropriated disposition of materials containing heavy metals.
Keywords
Solidification/Stabilization, spent catalytic cracking catalyst, portland cement, Solidificación/Estabilización, catalizador usado de craqueo catalítico, cemento portland