Prevalencia de sífilis en mujeres gestantes atendidas por el Programa de Protección a la Gestante (PPG) y reporte de aborto en el Estado de Sergipe, Brasil
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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Introducción: La sífilis ha representado un importante reto para la salud pública en Brasil, tanto por su alta prevalencia como por las graves secuelas neonatales. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de infección por sífilis y la aparición de abortos involuntarios en mujeres embarazadas, por edad y distribución espacial en el estado de Sergipe en Brasil. Metodología: Estudio transversal descriptivo-retrospectivo, en el que se analizaron 39.807 registros de usuarias del Programa de Protección a la Gestante (PPG) ofrecido en 73 municipios en el estado de Sergipe, en un período aproximado de dos años. Resultados: Fueron seleccionadas 39.807 gestantes, de las cuales 7.538 (18,9%) reportaron haber abortado, 544 (1,37%) fueron halladas con sífilis positiva y 192 (0,48%) presentaron sífilis positiva y reporte de aborto. La proporción aumentó de 25,7% de mujeres que abortaron y tuvieron cualquier tipo de alteración (HIV, HTLV, Chagas, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Clamidia, Toxoplasmosis, Rubéola, Citomegalovirus, Hipotiroidismo congénito e Fenilcetonuria materna) a 35,3% en mujeres que abortaron y presentaron confirmación de sífilis positiva, representando un aumento de 1,37 veces de los casos. El Municipio de Carmópolis tuvo el mayor porcentaje de casos con 2,19%, seguido de Malhador con un 1.30%, Malhada dos Bois con 1.16%, Estância con 1.15%, Barra dos Coqueiros con 1.14%, Santa Luzia do Itanhy con 1,04% y Pedrinhas con un 1,00%. Conclusión: Se verificó que en la mayoría de los municipios fue elevado el número de registros de abortos involuntarios en mujeres gestantes. La prevalencia gestacional de sífilis fue superior a la aceptada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Por medio del PPG se verificó que la sífilis continúa siendo un importante problema de salud durante la gestación, y que las mujeres con sífilis presentan una mayor frecuencia de abortos.
Introduction: Syphilis has represented a major challenge to public health in Brazil for its prevalence and serious perinatal sequel. Objectives: To know the prevalence of syphilis infection and the occurrence of abortion in pregnant women, by age and spatial distribution in the state of Sergipe. Methodology: This is a cross sectional descriptive study, retrospective in which were analyzed 39.807 entries of users of the Program for the Protection of Pregnant women (PPP) in 73 municipalities of the state of Sergipe in a period of approximately two years. Results: We screened 39.807 pregnant women, these 7.538 (18,9%) said they have aborted, 544 (1,37%) had syphilis positive and 192 (0,48%) pregnant women had syphilis positive and abortion declared. The proportion rose from 25,7% in the number of women who aborted and had any type of change to 35,3% in women who aborted and confirmed positive syphilis, an increase of 1,37 in the number of cases. The municipality of Carmópolis had the highest percentage of cases 2,19%, followed by Malhador 1,30%, Malhada dos Bois 1,16%, Estância 1,15%, Barra dos Coqueiros 1,14%, Santa Luzia do Itanhy 1,04% e Pedrinhas 1%. Conclusion: It was found that was high the registration of abortions in pregnant women in the most part of the municipalities. The rates of prevalence and incidence of syphilis were higher than those accepted by OMS. Through the PPP can be verified that syphilis may be an associated factor to the occurrence of high incidence of abortion and perinatal morbidity and mortality in the state of Sergipe in Brazil.
Introduction: Syphilis has represented a major challenge to public health in Brazil for its prevalence and serious perinatal sequel. Objectives: To know the prevalence of syphilis infection and the occurrence of abortion in pregnant women, by age and spatial distribution in the state of Sergipe. Methodology: This is a cross sectional descriptive study, retrospective in which were analyzed 39.807 entries of users of the Program for the Protection of Pregnant women (PPP) in 73 municipalities of the state of Sergipe in a period of approximately two years. Results: We screened 39.807 pregnant women, these 7.538 (18,9%) said they have aborted, 544 (1,37%) had syphilis positive and 192 (0,48%) pregnant women had syphilis positive and abortion declared. The proportion rose from 25,7% in the number of women who aborted and had any type of change to 35,3% in women who aborted and confirmed positive syphilis, an increase of 1,37 in the number of cases. The municipality of Carmópolis had the highest percentage of cases 2,19%, followed by Malhador 1,30%, Malhada dos Bois 1,16%, Estância 1,15%, Barra dos Coqueiros 1,14%, Santa Luzia do Itanhy 1,04% e Pedrinhas 1%. Conclusion: It was found that was high the registration of abortions in pregnant women in the most part of the municipalities. The rates of prevalence and incidence of syphilis were higher than those accepted by OMS. Through the PPP can be verified that syphilis may be an associated factor to the occurrence of high incidence of abortion and perinatal morbidity and mortality in the state of Sergipe in Brazil.
Keywords
Syphilis, pregnant women, prevalence, Sífilis, gestantes, prevalencia, aborto