Población LGBTIQA+ en Costa Rica: avances en derechos (nacionales e institucionales) y prospectivas para las universidades
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Universidad Industrial de Santander
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El artículo presenta un panorama general de las condiciones jurídicas de la población LGBTIAQ+ en Costa Rica: existe el matrimonio civil y el reconocimiento de las identidades trans, pero por mandato de una instancia internacional, pues se carece todavía de legislación nacional (apartado 2). Luego, se presenta la situación específica de la Universidad de Costa Rica (apartado 3), la mayor institución de educación superior en el país, en cuanto a sus avances en la materia, generados en la década anterior (2010-2020). Previo a todo ello, a modo de preámbulo (apartado 1), se alude al contexto de discriminación y falta de derechos que ha vivido esta población históricamente excluida. Unido a esto, en respuesta a las realidades adversas que se han enfrentado, surgen las iniciativas de reconocimiento y afirmación generadas por las mismas personas con sexualidades disidentes. Como punto de énfasis (apartado 4), se brindan recomendaciones para las universidades de acciones a desarrollar, con la intención de que puedan convertirse en espacios respetuosos, inclusivos y libres de discriminación. Se culmina con reflexiones finales en la línea de la transformación universitaria y del cambio social.
The paper presents a general overview of the legal conditions of the LGBTIAQ+ population in Costa Rica. Civil marriage and trans identities are legally recognized but were achieved through an international ruling; thus, there is still no national legislation on the matter (section 2). Then, the situation of the University of Costa Rica (section 3), the country’s largest higher education institution, is addressed in terms of the advances in sexual and gender issues in the previous decade (2010-2020). Previously, as a preamble (section 1), the context of discrimination and lack of rights experienced by this historically excluded population is discussed. In addition, Recognition and Affirmation Initiatives (IRA in Spanish) arise as a response to the adverse realities faced by sexually diverse people (IRA is a concept proposed by the author, also presented in this article). The main emphasis of the paper (section 4) consists of recommendations for universities concerning actions with the purpose of fostering respectful, inclusive, and discrimination-free spaces. The last section contains a final reflection about the transformation of the university and social change.
The paper presents a general overview of the legal conditions of the LGBTIAQ+ population in Costa Rica. Civil marriage and trans identities are legally recognized but were achieved through an international ruling; thus, there is still no national legislation on the matter (section 2). Then, the situation of the University of Costa Rica (section 3), the country’s largest higher education institution, is addressed in terms of the advances in sexual and gender issues in the previous decade (2010-2020). Previously, as a preamble (section 1), the context of discrimination and lack of rights experienced by this historically excluded population is discussed. In addition, Recognition and Affirmation Initiatives (IRA in Spanish) arise as a response to the adverse realities faced by sexually diverse people (IRA is a concept proposed by the author, also presented in this article). The main emphasis of the paper (section 4) consists of recommendations for universities concerning actions with the purpose of fostering respectful, inclusive, and discrimination-free spaces. The last section contains a final reflection about the transformation of the university and social change.
Keywords
Diversidad sexual y de género, Acciones Afirmativas, Educación Superior, Costa Rica, Políticas Públicas, Sexual-Gender Diversity, Affirmative Actions, Higher Education, Costa Rica, Public Polices